nanotechnology Although we find a new and unknown science, history can be found in the Nobel Prizes in Physics and in 1965, which was awarded to Julian Schwinger, Sin-Itiro Tomonaga and Richard P . Feynman for his studies of quantum electrodynamics, opening their doors to molecular physics. Feynman had noted in 1959 at a conference of the American Physical Society benefits which would be the ability to trap atoms and molecules and put them in specific positions.
Nanotechnology is defined as a set of techniques used to manipulate matter at the smallest scale, ie the atoms and molecules. The prefix "nano" (from the Greek for "dwarf") denotes a billionth of a unit (ie 10-9 (0.000000001)), in this case, underground. The importance of influence matter at the nanoscale is that this, by having a larger surface area in relation to its mass (physical and chemical properties, conductivity, resistance, responsiveness or elasticity) does not behave equally to small-scale. It is therefore the nanoscience, the study of behavior and manipulation of materials at that scale, while nanotechnology refers to science and technology activities conducted in this regard.
The term nanotechnology was coined by Norit Taniguchi in 1974 to differentiate the micro-scale engineering made (10-6) held in the nanoscale (10-9). It was, however, through a book published in 1986 by Eric Drexler (part of MIT) called Engines of Creation when the term became popular.
There are three distinct streams of research, that would be:
- Nanotechnology by size: the first research in nanotechnology were of this type, which involves the construction of devices and ever-smaller structures, up to atomic or molecular scale.
- Nanotechnology per trade: Characteristics of materials through their manipulation at the nanoscale.
- Nanotechnology and manufacturing method (bottom-up): Get new structures through the binding of atoms and molecules. It generates the most uncertainty, and it will take longer to lead his revolution. Nanotechnology has
various applications, among which those related to electronics, energy, biomedicine and materials. The progress of each of these fields is very different, and is expected to first evolve the materials, then electronics and energy, and finally medicine, since its use is subject to the laws of the countries.
Materials development is the area that are currently making more progress. Consists of providing materials that we know of properties that make them more adapted to the environment, offering great features such as clothing not stalling in the rain or stain or wrinkle, not scratched glasses, bottles that change color to indicate that the content is expired, stronger materials and more light ... In other aspects, we should underline computers faster and more powerful, more accurate medical diagnoses, appropriate treatments and to focus only on the affected area, more environmentally-friendly energy environment, memory cards the size of a stamp store information equivalent to 25 DVD ....
In my opinion we are talking about an improvement of materials and applications of a revolution in everything we knew so far. Araceli Parra considered that this phenomenon would harm the third world , although I think it's quite the opposite. In the comment I made, suggested that nanotechnology products would initially given a higher price as specific technology to be employed in manufacturing, but over time their prices would stabilize at lower levels. Nanotechnology products would then substitute "regular" so that competition would drop the price of the latter to be less desirable. Thus, the most logical output of these products is to lower income sectors, among which are clearly countries Third World. That it increase the gap between rich and poor? The truth is I do not know. What really worries me is if the transfer to the countries south of a technology that will be obsolete and we have given the technological leap, positioned them in a good position to perform the same dive. That is, if we take the case to the end (obviously within a few decades), the nanotechnology revolution will be a typical technology transfer to the third world, and inundate the northern countries of improved technology. This would make third world countries could also make the leap, no? Maybe it is a visión demasiado optimista, pero para eso está la opción de hacer comentarios, para que me bajéis de las nubes...
Más información:
Plataforma EuMat (European Technology Platform for Advanced Engineering Materials and Technologies)
Plataforma Eumat Spain
ENIAC (Consejo Asesor de Iniciativas Europeas en Nanoelectrónica)
Euroresidentes
Nanotechnology is defined as a set of techniques used to manipulate matter at the smallest scale, ie the atoms and molecules. The prefix "nano" (from the Greek for "dwarf") denotes a billionth of a unit (ie 10-9 (0.000000001)), in this case, underground. The importance of influence matter at the nanoscale is that this, by having a larger surface area in relation to its mass (physical and chemical properties, conductivity, resistance, responsiveness or elasticity) does not behave equally to small-scale. It is therefore the nanoscience, the study of behavior and manipulation of materials at that scale, while nanotechnology refers to science and technology activities conducted in this regard.
The term nanotechnology was coined by Norit Taniguchi in 1974 to differentiate the micro-scale engineering made (10-6) held in the nanoscale (10-9). It was, however, through a book published in 1986 by Eric Drexler (part of MIT) called Engines of Creation when the term became popular.
There are three distinct streams of research, that would be:
- Nanotechnology by size: the first research in nanotechnology were of this type, which involves the construction of devices and ever-smaller structures, up to atomic or molecular scale.
- Nanotechnology per trade: Characteristics of materials through their manipulation at the nanoscale.
- Nanotechnology and manufacturing method (bottom-up): Get new structures through the binding of atoms and molecules. It generates the most uncertainty, and it will take longer to lead his revolution. Nanotechnology has
various applications, among which those related to electronics, energy, biomedicine and materials. The progress of each of these fields is very different, and is expected to first evolve the materials, then electronics and energy, and finally medicine, since its use is subject to the laws of the countries.
Materials development is the area that are currently making more progress. Consists of providing materials that we know of properties that make them more adapted to the environment, offering great features such as clothing not stalling in the rain or stain or wrinkle, not scratched glasses, bottles that change color to indicate that the content is expired, stronger materials and more light ... In other aspects, we should underline computers faster and more powerful, more accurate medical diagnoses, appropriate treatments and to focus only on the affected area, more environmentally-friendly energy environment, memory cards the size of a stamp store information equivalent to 25 DVD ....
In my opinion we are talking about an improvement of materials and applications of a revolution in everything we knew so far. Araceli Parra considered that this phenomenon would harm the third world , although I think it's quite the opposite. In the comment I made, suggested that nanotechnology products would initially given a higher price as specific technology to be employed in manufacturing, but over time their prices would stabilize at lower levels. Nanotechnology products would then substitute "regular" so that competition would drop the price of the latter to be less desirable. Thus, the most logical output of these products is to lower income sectors, among which are clearly countries Third World. That it increase the gap between rich and poor? The truth is I do not know. What really worries me is if the transfer to the countries south of a technology that will be obsolete and we have given the technological leap, positioned them in a good position to perform the same dive. That is, if we take the case to the end (obviously within a few decades), the nanotechnology revolution will be a typical technology transfer to the third world, and inundate the northern countries of improved technology. This would make third world countries could also make the leap, no? Maybe it is a visión demasiado optimista, pero para eso está la opción de hacer comentarios, para que me bajéis de las nubes...
Más información:
Plataforma EuMat (European Technology Platform for Advanced Engineering Materials and Technologies)
Plataforma Eumat Spain
ENIAC (Consejo Asesor de Iniciativas Europeas en Nanoelectrónica)
Euroresidentes