Pese a que Estados Unidos es paradigma de Nueva Economía y de crecimiento económico, prefiero vivir en Europa, donde impera la Economía del Bienestar. Las diferencias en la distribución de la renta en el país americano o en los mercados de trabajo son abismales. En Europa, contamos con unas tasas de desempleo mayores que en EEUU [de hecho, existen estudios empíricos que apuntan que aquellos países donde average wages are comparatively low and the dispersion of higher wages, employment levels are comparatively higher], but our unemployed are much more protected than the U.S., reaching even be in a better position than the workers themselves across the pool: there are people (the homeless Workers) that despite having a job, are poor and lack of housing. This is due to poor quality and low wages of a large number of jobs created in the United States. Some authors, such as Aghion and Howitt, consider that wage inequality goes hand in hand with technological change, which would explain the greater inequality in the United States this being the country that has adapted to new technologies. Thus, they displace unskilled workers would increase while the demand for skilled workers, increasing the gap. Additionally, this country has produced a marked moderation, with wage increases below productivity growth, which has fostered the growth of employment, but there has been more on unskilled workers, who have experienced lower wage growth, which has worsened income inequality. That is, the pattern of distribution of wealth has been characterized by low participation in the income quintile low (20% of lower income households) and the progressive impoverishment of the middle and lower layers.
the other side of the coin is Europe, with a series of guaranteed basic public services relating to health, justice and education are essential to me as well as an unemployment benefit system which gives a fired a percentage of his balance during a certain month, which allows one hand not to be suddenly without any source of income and the other gives you room to find a job suited to their qualifications. It is also true that this may cause the search time for a new job to dilate or not to come to accept certain jobs if the salary is below the unemployment benefit. But an unemployed person in the United States achieves a new job in a few weeks, yes, 65% paid less and working more hours and beyond.
Some data on: poverty in the U.S. under a defined poverty line, the Federal Poverty Line (FPL), which is set to a basic food basket for each family member, so a family of 4 members must have a net income less than 4 times the minimum food basket to belong to this group. In Europe, the United Nations used another method: calculate the Human Poverty Index (HPI-2) developed by combining 4 variables, that is, income, life expectancy at birth, education and long-term unemployment. Given this distinction in the way of defining poverty, the figures obtained can not be compared directly, but we can get an idea of \u200b\u200bthe situation.
In 2002, the United States had a poverty rate of 12.1%, which is 34'6 million, or nearly all of Spain made redundant, and worse, of all poor, 38% have employment. In 2001, the poverty data for the EU showed that we had 55 million equivalent adults [Eurostat weights to the members of the family as a escala: el adulto principal pondera 1, el resto de los adultos 0'5 y los menores de 14 años 0'3. De este modo, se calculan "adultos equivalentes"] pobres, lo que es el 15% de los habitantes de la UE. Más pobres pero en unas mejores condiciones medias.
Entonces podríamos concluir que la diferencia básica entre ambas áreas es que en Europa, por lo general, la pobreza deviene cuando una persona carece de un trabajo, mientras que en Estados Unidos, la pobreza es, en buena medida, producto del propio empleo, por una combinación del deterioro del empleo con el deterioro del salario.
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